天津中医药  2017, Vol. 34 Issue (5): 356-357

文章信息

李秀双, 付于, 于建春, 韩景献
LI Xiu-shuang, FU Yu, YU Jian-chun, HAN Jing-xian
韩景献教授治疗肺癌术后淋巴水肿医案
The case of postoperative lung cancer lymphedema treated by Professor HAN Jing-xian
天津中医药, 2017, 34(5): 356-357
Tianjin Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2017, 34(5): 356-357
http://dx.doi.org/10.11656/j.issn.1672-1519.2017.05.20

文章历史

收稿日期: 2017-01-03
韩景献教授治疗肺癌术后淋巴水肿医案
李秀双1,2, 付于2, 于建春2, 韩景献2     
1. 天津中医药大学, 天津 300193;
2. 天津中医药大学第一附属医院, 天津 300193
摘要:韩景献教授认为肺癌术后淋巴水肿的关键病机在于正气虚衰,脾肾受损,脏腑功能失调,三焦气化不利,水液运行和输布障碍,日久经络不通,瘀水互结而水肿。故韩教授治以扶本培元、活血利水、通调三焦,采用“三焦”针法结合温针灸治疗本病,取得良好疗效。
关键词“三焦”针法    温针灸    肺癌术后淋巴水肿    

患者女性,64岁,于2016年7月26日就诊。主诉:肺癌术后1 a,左上肢肿胀3个月,近1周逐渐加重。现病史:2015年6月患者被确诊为周围型肺癌,病理分型为非小细胞肺癌(腺癌),TNM分期为Ⅱ期。于2015年8月行左下肺叶切除联合局部淋巴结清扫术,术后化疗6周期,化疗方案为顺铂+依托铂苷。出院后每年复查1次,无复发及转移。现症:左上肢水肿,较术前周径增加3 cm,皮肤色紫发亮,自觉沉重胀满感,活动微受限,伴疲乏,口渴,纳差,寐欠佳,小便短少,舌淡胖,苔白滑,脉沉弱。查患肢动静脉彩超未见血管栓塞。结合患者主诉及病史,西医诊断:肺癌术后淋巴水肿;中医诊断:肺癌病水肿,证属脾肾虚衰,兼瘀水互结,韩景献教授以“三焦”针法[1]结合温针灸补益脾肾,活血利水,通调三焦。取穴[2]:膻中、中脘、气海、血海(双侧)、足三里(双侧)、阴陵泉(双侧)、曲池(双侧)、外关(双侧)。操作[3]:患者取仰卧位,穴位常规消毒,取0.25 mm×40 mm毫针。膻中针尖向上平刺0.5寸(同身寸),行小幅度、高频率捻转补法1~2 min;中脘、气海直刺0.5~1寸,均行小幅度、高频率提插捻转补法1~2 min;血海针尖向股内侧斜刺0.5~1寸,肌肉瞤动后行大幅度、低频率提插捻转泻法1~2 min;足三里直刺0.5~1寸,行提插捻转补法1~2 min;阴陵泉直刺0.5~1寸,行提插捻转泻法1~2 min;曲池直刺0.5~1寸,行平补平泻法1~2 min;外关直刺0.5~1寸,行平补平泻法1~2 min。针感以扩散或传导为佳,针刺得气后在针柄上穿置一段长约2 cm的艾卷点燃施灸,直待燃尽,除去灰烬,将针取出。每日1次,7次为1个疗程。1个疗程后,患肢肿胀较前消退,沉重感减轻。2个疗程后,患肢浮肿明显好转,疲乏、口渴、纳差等症状亦改善。又连续治疗2个疗程后,患者左上肢肿胀已退,自诉生活质量亦大大提高。1个月后随访,未见复发。

按语:淋巴水肿是癌症术后常见的并发症之一[4],肿胀不适、活动受限等症状更加重了患者焦虑心理[5],降低其生活质量[6]。现代医学认为,淋巴结清扫导致淋巴回流通路受损,加重了炎症反应和纤维化病变而致水肿[7]。《素问·汤液醪醴论》:“平治于权衡,去菀陈莝……开鬼门,洁净府。”然西医采用呋塞米等利尿剂治疗,虽能暂时消除淋巴水肿,但易致电解质紊乱,升高蛋白质瘀积浓度,反不能使淋巴液充分回流[8-9],亦实为对《素问》的误解。

《素问·经脉别论》云:“饮入于胃,游溢精气,上输于脾,脾气散精,上归于肺,通调水道,下输膀胱,水精四布,五经并行。”同时“水不自行,赖气以动”,肺癌淋巴结清扫使患者正气虚衰,脾肾受损,脏腑功能失调,三焦气化不利,水液运行和输布障碍[10],日久经络不通,瘀水互结而致水肿[11]。本案淋巴水肿属中医“阴水”,总归全身气化功能障碍。三焦作为气化之总司,总领五脏六腑的功能活动,亦是全身水液升降出入的通道,“三焦通则内外左右上下皆通也”[12],故予“三焦”针法以疏调三焦气化,利水消肿。《灵枢·禁服》云:“陷下者,脉血结于中,中有著血,血寒,故宜灸之”,故予温针灸[13]增强益气调血,通络除胀之功。取穴膻中,“上气海”,助上焦肺气宣发以通调水道;中脘,“通水谷之海”,助中焦脾胃运化以输布水液;气海,“下气海”,助下焦肾气蒸腾以排泄尿液;配以外关,三焦经之络穴,共调上中下三焦之气。佐以血海,血证之要穴,可助活血祛瘀;足三里,强壮之要穴,可助益气健脾;阴陵泉,祛湿之要穴,可助利水渗湿;曲池,可助通络消肿。韩景献教授采用寥寥几穴,补泻兼施,整体调节,重在气血[14],扶后天之本,培先天之元[15],通调三焦,使气化如常,阴阳调和,水液代谢复归平衡,消除肿胀。综上所述,“三焦”针法结合温针灸治疗此案疗效显著,值得临床推广。

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The case of postoperative lung cancer lymphedema treated by Professor HAN Jing-xian
LI Xiu-shuang1,2, FU Yu2, YU Jian-chun2, HAN Jing-xian2     
1. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China;
2. First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
Abstract: Professor HAN Jing-xian considers the key mechanism of postoperative lung cancer lymphedema is that the healthy qi was deficient, the qi of spleen and kidney were damaged, the function of Zang and Fu was disordered, and the activity of triple energizer was abnormal, which result in the dysfunction of fluid operation and distribution. For a long time, the meridian obstruction leads to the combination of blood stasis and edema. Professor HAN adopts the method of reinforcing the root and strengthening the primordial qi, activating blood and dispelling water, and harmonizing the activity of triple energizer, as well as prescribes Sanjiao acupuncture combined with warming needle method, which achieve good curative effect.
Key words: Sanjiao acupuncture     warming acupuncture and woxibustion method     postoperative lung cancer lymphedema