脊柱矫形支具的研制及试验研究

Development and clinical trial of spinal orthopedic shelf

关键词:  脊柱  畸形  矫正  生物力学

Key words:  spinal  deformation  orthopedic  biomechanics

摘要:

[目的]研制脊柱矫形支具治疗驼背畸形,进行临床观察及作用机制研究。[方法]1)应用小夹板治疗骨折三点挤压矫正成角畸形原理,研制既具有支撑力又具有三点挤压作用的脊柱矫形器;2)应用该矫形器治疗27例强直性脊柱炎导致驼背畸形患者,观察2周,测定其身高、驼背畸形角度、柄耻间距及剑耻间距改变情况;3)压电法生物力学测定该矫形器矫形力及作用原理。[结果]临床研究显示患者身高的改善幅度为2~16cm,平均6.1cm;X线显示驼背畸形角度平均改善12.1度;柄耻间距平均增长5.1cm;剑耻间距平均增长4.3cm.试验研究显示,脊柱矫形器的矫形作用是由牵引力和挤压力共同完成的,其牵引力约为4.7kg,挤压力约为18kg,可产生持续牵引所应具备的时间效应。[结论]脊柱矫形支具是矫正驼背畸形的有效方法,可应用于脊柱骨折及各种脊柱疾病术后患者脊柱矫形及外固定。

Abstract:

[Objective] To develop spinal orthopedic shelf for kyphosis and study its clinical mechanism.[Methods] 1) The spinal orthopedic shelf with supporting force and triple points pressing effect was developed on the theory of treating fracture by splint. 2) Twenty-seven cases with kyphosis due to ankylosing spondylitis were treated with spinal orthopedic shelf.Their height, the angle of kyphosis deformity, the distance between pubis and manubrium of sternum or xiphoid process were measured. 3) The orthopedic force and mechanism of the spinal orthopedic shelf were detected with piezoelectricity and biomechanics.[Results] The mean increase of patients’ height was 6.1 cm, ranged from 2 to 16 cm. The distance of pubis and manubrium of sternum enlarged for 5.1 cm and of xiphoid process 4.3 cm. X-ray showed that the angle of kyphosis deformity was improved 12.1°.The orthopedic effect was accomplished by traction and pressing force together. The tractive force and pressing force were 4.7 kg and 18 kg respectively. And traction couls also have time-effect.[Conclusion] Spinal orthopedic shelf is an effective method for kyphosis and can be used in treating vertebral fracture and many spinal diseases after operations.