针灸与中医在加拿大的立法、教育和行医概况

Overview of legislation, education and practice medicine of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine in Canada

关键词:  针灸  中医  立法  教育  行医  加拿大

Key words:  acupuncture  traditional Chinese medicine  legislation  education  practice medicine  Canada

摘要:

主要介绍了针灸与中医在加拿大的立法、教育与行医概况以及基于此的展望与建议。从立法而言,针灸中医的立法规管尚未成立国家水平的统一规范管理,其管理水平均为省级内,正式由省政府批准的立法规管仅限于少数省份(卑诗省、阿尔伯塔省、魁北克省和安大略省),其余省份大多通过针灸中医协会来规管。从教育而言,学校的经营模式多为个体办学,规模较小,资源有限,无法授予学位,数目各省差异大。教育的管理与规范虽多属于省级水平内,但已经成立全加拿大中医高校教育联盟。继续教育的项目涵盖较广泛,多注重实用性,教员多来自美国。从行医情况而言,中医针灸基本覆盖了加拿大的各个省份,大多在私人诊所开展,诊所门诊量因人而异,其诊疗设备参差不齐。建议:1)设立国外立法规管咨询委员会或成立海外中医针灸立法规管联盟,提供海外中医针灸发展与立法规管的建议,可颁发相应的证书。2)倡导中医针灸教育的标准化,包括制定统一的国际化教材、教员的准入标准、本科教育、研究生教育以及继续教育的标准化。

Abstract:

This paper mainly introduces the legislation, education and practice of acupuncture and Chinese medicine in Canada, as well as gives some suggestions and expectation. From the legislation, legislative regulation of national level about acupuncture and Chinese medicine standardized management has not set up in Canada. The managements are still at provincial-level, and formally approved rule by the provincial government is limited to only a few provinces (British Columbia, Alberta Province, Quebec province and Ontario province). In the remaining provinces it is mostly controlled by acupuncture and Chinese Medicine Association. From the education, school management mode is mostly in individual schools, in small scale, has limited resources, unable to award degrees, the differences of number of school among provinces are great; management and standard of education belong to the provincial level, but the Canadian Alliance of Chinese higher education has already been established. The continuing education project covers widely, and it is more practical in nature. The teachers are mostly from America. As the practice of medicine is concerned. Chinese medicine acupuncture has basically covered all the Canadian provinces, developed mostly in the private clinics, outpatient amount differs from man to man, and the treatment equipment is uneven. Suggestions: 1) Establish a foreign legislation regulation Advisory Committee or establishment of the overseas Chinese medicine acupuncture legislation, governing coalition, offering the advice of overseas Chinese medicine acupuncture development and legislative regulation can issue the corresponding certificate. 2) Advocate acupuncture education standardization, including the establishment unified international teaching material, standards for enrolling of teachers, standardization for undergraduated education, graduated education and continuing education.