新型冠状病毒肺炎中医药预防方案用药规律的比较分析

Comparison and analysis of the rules of using traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention of COVID-19

关键词:  新型冠状病毒肺炎  预防  中医药疗法  中医传承辅助平台  用药规律

Key words:  COVID-19  prevention  traditional Chinese medicine therapy  Chinese medicine inheritance auxiliary system  medication rule

摘要:

[目的] 比较分析新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）中医药预防方案不同用药途径的组方用药规律。[方法] 检索2020年8月1日（含）前中文数据库（中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库），国家及各省、自治区和直辖市卫生健康委员会，中医药管理局官方发布的新冠肺炎相关诊疗方案及国医大师、院士、知名中医专家等通过公开渠道发表的预防方案作为数据源，筛选文献、提取资料并建立数据库，运用频数统计、关联规则等方法，对核心药物及其归经、性味、组方规律、核心组合等进行分析。[结果] 共纳入133个内服方剂，含中药141味，使用频次最高的药物是甘草，其次为黄芪、金银花、白术、藿香、防风、连翘、桔梗、苍术等；出现频次30次以上的药对分别为黄芪-防风、白术-防风、黄芪-白术、金银花-甘草、黄芪-甘草、黄芪-白术-防风、甘草-防风、白术-甘草、金银花-黄芪。纳入36个外用方剂，含中药51味，使用频次最高的是苍术，其次为艾叶、藿香、白芷、石菖蒲、佩兰等；出现频次最高的药对为艾叶-苍术，其次为艾叶-藿香、藿香-苍术等。从药性归经来看，内服和外用方剂均以温性药物使用最多，主要归肺、脾、胃经。[结论] 新冠肺炎中医药预防方案以健脾益气、解毒化湿为主，内服与外用相结合。

Abstract:

[Objective] To compare and analyze the prescriptions and medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine prevention programs for corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with different medication routes.[Methods] This study chose the Chinese database including CNKI,Wanfang,Weipu,the COVID-19 related new diagnosis and treatment programs released by Health Commission and administration of Traditional Chinese government and the opinions ofnational medical masters,academicians,well-known clinical experts of traditional Chinese medicine through public channels before August 1st,2020 as the data source,filtered out the literature,extracted the data and established database to analyze the core drugs and their channel tropism,property and flavor,compatibility law,and core composition,by means of frequency statistics,and association rules.[Results] The 133 internal prescriptions were collected and 141 Chinese herbs were involved. The analysis results showed that Liquorice was used the most frequently,followed by Astragalus,Honeysuckle,Atractylodes Macrocephala,Agastache,Saposhnikovia Divaricata,Forsythia,Radix Platycodon,and Rhizomaatractylodis,etc. The drug pairs with frequency of more than 30 were Astragalus-Saposhnikovia Divaricata,Atractylodes Macrocephala-Saposhnikovia Divaricata,Astragalus-Atractylodes Macrocephala,Honeysuckle-Liquorice,Astragalus-Liquorice,Astragalus-Atractylodes Macrocephala-Saposhnikovia Divaricata,Liquorice-Saposhnikovia Divaricata,Atractylodes Macrocephala-Liquorice,and Honeysuckle-Astragalus. The 36 external prescriptions were collected and 51 Chinese herbs were involved. The analysis results showed that Rhizomaatractylodis was used the most frequently,followed by Folium Artemisiae Argyi,Agastache,Radix Angelicae Dahuricae,Acorus Tatarinowiiand Fortune Eupatorium Herb,etc. And the Folium Artemisiae Argyi-Rhizomaatractylodis was the most frequent drug pairs,followed by Folium Artemisiae Argyi-Agastache and Agastache-Rhizomaatractylodis,etc. From the point of view of the meridian tropism,warm drugs were the most commonly used both in the internal and external prescriptions,and the channel mainly included lung meridian,spleen meridian and stomach meridian.[Conclusion] The traditional Chinese medicine preventive medication of COVID-19 is mainly based on strengthening the spleen and supplementing qi,detoxification and dissipating dampness,and combination of internal and external use.