《石室秘录》汤剂药物用量文献研究

Literature study on the dosage of decoction in Secret Records in a Stone Room

关键词:  《石室秘录》  陈士铎  汤剂  用量特点

Key words:  Secret Records in a Stone Room  CHEN Shiduo  decoction  dosage characteristics

摘要:

文章旨在探讨《石室秘录》中汤剂药物的用量规律。根据设定标准，人工检索了《石室秘录》汤剂中药物用量，采用Excel表建立数据库并用SAS8.2软件将常用药物的频次、常用量、平均用量、剂量区间、常用剂量范围进行统计分析，并且总结出用量最小的药物、用量最大的药物及有毒药物的用量。经统计，共纳入12味常用药物，分别为人参、甘草、白术、茯苓、芍药、当归、麦冬、熟地黄、柴胡、陈皮、半夏、肉桂，并且频次均在100次以上。最小用量为1分，共有8味药物；最大用量为1斤，共有3味药物。就汤剂而言，书中有毒药物共有13味。陈士铎善用补脾益气药，尤其善用人参，临床药物用量差值很大，大可至1斤，小可至1分。对有毒性的药物毫不避讳，能在保证安全的情况下灵活应用。同时注重治病求本、辨证论治，对现代临床有借鉴意义。

Abstract:

To explore the rules of doses of Chinese herbs in Secret Records in a Stone Room. According to the set standard,we manually searched the drug dosage in the decoction of Secret Records in a Stone Room,established the database by Excel,and statistically analyzed the frequency,common dosage,average dosage,dosage interval and common dosage range of commonly used drugs by SAS 8.2 software,and summarized the dosage of drugs with the smallest dosage,drugs with the largest dosage and toxic drugs. According to statistics,there are 12 commonly used drugs,which are Panax ginseng,Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae,Poria,Radix Paeoniae,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix Ophiopogonis,Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata,Radix Bupleuri,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,Rhizoma Pinelliae and Cortex Cinnamomi,and the frequency is more than 100 times. The minimum dosage is 1 Fen,and there are 8 drugs in total. The maximum dosage is 1 Jin,and there are 3 drugs in total. As far as decoction is concerned,there are 13 toxic drugs in the book. CHEN Shiduo makes good use of spleen-tonifying and qi-invigorating drugs,especially Panax ginseng. The difference of clinical drug dosage is very large,ranging from 1 Fen to 1 Jin. Toxic drugs are not taboo,and can be used flexibly under the condition of ensuring safety. At the same time,it pays attention to seeking the root of the disease and treating according to syndrome differentiation,which has reference significance for modern clinical practice.