中药治疗遗传性2型糖尿病作用机制的研究

Antidiabetic activity of traditional medicines in genetically type 2 diabetic mice

关键词:  抗糖尿病作用  KK-Ay小鼠  褐孔菌属植物  洋根  糖脂清  胰岛素抵抗

Key words:  antidiabetic activity  KK-Ay  Fuscoporia oblique  Samallanthus sonchifolius

摘要:

小结了Fuscoporia oblique褐孔菌属植物(含有多糖)、Samallanthus sonchifolius洋根(洋根中含有低聚糖)和传统中药糖脂清对遗传性2型糖尿病伴随高胰岛素血症的KK-Ay小鼠的抗糖尿病作用。Fuscoporia oblique(FO)褐孔菌属植物(中含有多糖)的水提取物口服给药4h后,即可降低KK-Ay小鼠的血糖(与对照组相比)。连续口服给药6周后,可降低血糖并显著降低血浆中的胰岛素和糖耐量,但不影响正常小鼠血糖。结果表明褐孔菌属植物(FO)具有抗糖尿病作用。Samallanthus sonchifolius洋根(洋根中含有低聚糖)叶子的水提取物连续口服给药6周,可以降低KK-Ay小鼠的血糖、改善糖耐量和降低高胆固醇血症,但不影响正常小鼠的血糖。研究结果表明,洋根可用于治疗2型糖尿病的高血糖症和高血脂症。糖脂清连续口服给药4周后,可降低KK-Ay小鼠血糖、总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平并且可以显著降低小鼠小肠黏膜上的麦芽糖酶活性,改善蔗糖和麦芽糖的耐量。此研究结果支持糖脂清通过降低α-糖苷酶的活性改善糖代谢的假设。因此,糖脂清对于2型糖尿病的高糖血症和高脂血症具有十分有益的影响。

Abstract:

The present review summarizes the antidiabetic activity of Fuscoporiu oblique (Fuscoporia Murr.), Sumullunthus sonchifolius (Compositae) and Tangzhiqing, traditional medicines, in KK-Ay mice, an animal model of genetically type 2 diabetes with hyperinsulinemia. The water extrat of Fuscoporiu oblique (FO) reduced the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice 4 hours after a single oral administration when (ompared with the (ontrol. FO reduced the blood glucose of KK-Ay mice 6 weeks after repeated administration, and also significantly decreased the plasma insulin of KK-Ay mice under similar (onditions. However, FO did not affec[the blood glucose in normal mice. FO decreased the blood glucose in an insulin tolerance test. These results suggest that the antidiabetic activity of FO is derived,at least in part,from a decrease in plasma insulin, due to the decrease of insulin resistance.The water extras[of the leaf of Samallanthus souchifius (Yacon) redured the blood glucose and cholesterol of KK-Ay mice 6 weeks after repeated administration. However, Yacon did not affect the blood glucose in normal mice. Yawn also improved hyperglycemia after glucose tolerance. Yawn tended to decrease the blood glucose in an insulin tolerance test. These results suggest that Yacon is useful for hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia of type 2 diabetes.Tangzhiqing (TZ) (Mixture of Mulberry Leaf,Lotus Leaf, Danshen Root, and Hawthorn Leaf) reduced the blood glucose, total (holesterol and triglyceride levels of KK-Ay mice 4 weeks after oral administration. TZ also improved sucrose or maltose tolerance. The maltase activity in small intestine significantly decreased in the TZ-treated KK-Ay mice. These results support the hypothesis that TZ improves glucose metabolism by reducing of a -glycosidase activity. Therefore, it may be that TZ has a beneficial effect on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in type 2 diabetes.