疫名考辨

Studying and distinguishing nomenclature of the epidemic diseases

关键词:  疫名  疫  疠  注  考辨

Key words:  the nomenclature of the epidemic diseases  Yi  Li  Zhu  studying and distinguishing

摘要:

中国古代没有"传染病"之称,而是将传染性疾病叫作疫气、疠气、天行、时气、尸注、鬼注等,但并非专指传染性疾病,含有非传染性的流行病、慢性病在内,其内涵复杂交错。若对古代疫病进行研究,则必须对古代疫病进行分类,还原历史上疫病暴发的真实面目,疫名研究则是完成疫病分类目标的重要切入点,故分别对疫名:疫、疠、注做了考辨。

Abstract:

The nomenclature of "infectious diseases" was not existed in ancient China.At that time these infectious diseases were called as Yiqi,Liqi,Tianxing,Shiqi,Shizhu,Guizhu and so on.They did not only refer specifically to the infectious diseases,but also included some non-infective epidemic diseases and chronic diseases.So the connotative meanings were intricate.If the investigators want to study the epidemic diseases of ancient time, they must finish a systematic classification of them,and get the truth about the condition of the prevalent epidemic diseases.Among them the research of the nomenclature of the epidemic diseases is an important cutting point for the accomplishment of the systematic classification of the epidemic diseases.This article has respectively investigated the nomenclature of the epidemic diseases such as Yi,Li,Zhu,and distinguished them from each other.