和解生发汤对斑秃小鼠毛发再生及免疫细胞亚群的影响研究

Effect of Hejie Shengfa Decoction on immune cell subsets and hair regeneration in mice with alopecia areata

关键词:  斑秃  和解生发汤  免疫细胞亚群  CD8⁺细胞

Key words:  alopecia areata  Hejie Shengfa Decoction  immune cell subset  CD8⁺ cell

摘要:

[目的] 探讨和解生发汤对斑秃（AA）小鼠毛发再生及免疫细胞亚群的影响，并阐明其潜在免疫调节机制。[方法] 采用咪喹莫特诱导C3H/HeJ小鼠建立AA模型，随机分为空白对照组、模型组、和解生发汤低、中、高剂量组及复方甘草酸苷片（CGT）组，每组6只，连续灌胃14 d。通过体质量、毛发镜、苏木精-伊红（HE）染色及Ki67免疫荧光评估毛发再生；采用流式细胞术检测外周血CD8⁺、Th1、Th17、Treg及Th17/Treg。[结果] 模型组小鼠呈典型斑秃表型，包括表皮增厚、毛囊减少及淋巴细胞浸润。与模型组比较，和解生发汤可以促进斑秃模型小鼠毛发再生，改善毛囊组织病理学改变，增强毛乳头细胞Ki67表达，并下调CD8⁺、Th1、Th17，提高调节性T细胞（Treg）水平，恢复Th17/Treg平衡，其中以和解生发汤高剂量组效果最显著。[结论] 和解生发汤能够促进AA小鼠毛发再生，其机制可能与抑制CD8⁺、Th1、Th17细胞活化，增强Treg免疫调节功能并恢复Th17/Treg平衡有关，为中医药干预斑秃的免疫机制提供实验依据。

Abstract:

[Objective] To investigate the effects of Hejie Shengfa Decoction（HJSFD）on hair regrowth and immune cell subsets in a mouse model of alopecia areata（AA），and to elucidate its potential immunoregulatory mechanisms. [Methods] An AA model was established in C3H/HeJ mice by topical application of imiquimod. The mice were randomly assigned to a blank control group，model group，low-，medium-，and high-dose HJSFD groups，and a compound glycyrrhizin tablet（CGT）group，with six mice in each group. All animals received intragastric administration for 14 consecutive days. Hair regrowth was evaluated by body weight monitoring，dermoscopy，H&E staining，and Ki67 immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral CD8⁺ T cells，Th1，Th17，Treg cells，and the Th17/Treg ratio. [Results] Mice in the model group exhibited typical AA manifestations，including epidermal thickening，reduced hair follicles，and lymphocytic infiltration. Compared with the model group，HJSFD promoted hair regeneration in a mouse model of alopecia areata，ameliorated pathological alterations in hair follicle structure， and enhanced Ki67 expression in dermal papilla cells，decreased CD8⁺ T cells，Th1，and Th17 cells，elevated Treg cell levels，and restored the Th17/Treg balance. Among the treatment groups，the high-dose HJSFD group demonstrated the most pronounced therapeutic effects. [Conclusion] HJSFD promotes hair regrowth in AA mice， potentially by inhibiting the activation of CD8⁺，Th1，and Th17 cells，enhancing Treg-mediated immunoregulation， and restoring Th17/Treg homeostasis. These findings provide experimental evidence for the immunological mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of AA.