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| Analysis of formulation principles of traditional Chinese medicine in treating ankylosing spondylitis |
| Hits 210 Download times 66 Received:August 31, 2025 |
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| DOI
10.11656/j.issn.1673-9043.2026.01.12 |
| Key Words
ankylosing spondylitis;patent;traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription;data mining;medication rule |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | BAI Yifan | First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China | | | GU Mengjiao | First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China | | | WANG Lijie | First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China | | | MENG Lichong | College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China | | | LIU Xuezheng | First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China | drhare1975@163.com |
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| Abstract
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| [Objective] To explore the formulation principles of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） compound prescriptions for ankylosing spondylitis（AS） recorded in the national patent database since its establishment，using diversified data mining techniques. [Methods] Based on the patent database of the China National Intellectual Property Administration，TCM compound prescriptions for AS were retrieved to create a prescription database. IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0，SPSS Modeler 18.0，and Cytoscape 3.10 software were used for frequency analysis，association rule analysis，cluster analysis，and to construct a core herb network diagram. [Results] A total of 270 patented TCM compound prescriptions for AS were included，involving 736 distinct herbs. The top 10 herbs by frequency of use were：Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix（Niuxi），Angelicae Sinensis Radix（Danggui），Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma（Gancao），Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma（Weilingxian），Eucommiae Cortex（Duzhong），Angelicae Pubescentis Radix（Duhuo），Cibotii Rhizoma（Gouji），Spatholobi Caulis（Jixueteng），Chuanxiong Rhizoma（Chuanxiong），and Cinnamomi Ramulus（Guizhi）. Analysis of high-frequency herbs（used ≥30 times） by efficacy category ranked Tonifying and Dispelling Wind-Dampness as the top two categories. The primary herb properties were warm and neutral；the main flavors were bitter，sweet，and pungent；and the most common meridian affinities were the Liver，Kidney，and Spleen meridians. Association rule analysis yielded 16 herb-pair combinations，represented by Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Astragali Radix（support 21.11%，confidence 70.18%），and 10 three-herb combinations，represented by Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma+Angelicae Sinensis Radix（support 12.22%，confidence 66.67%）. Cluster analysis produced 7 distinct herb groups. [Conclusion] The fundamental TCM pathogenesis of AS involves kidney deficiency and insufficiency of the Du（Governing） Meridian，accompanied by the invasion of pathogenic factors such as wind，cold，dampness，and heat，representing a condition of root deficiency with branch excess. Prescriptions are often composed of herbs that dispel wind-dampness and strengthen bones and tendons，such as Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix，Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma，Angelicae Pubescentis Radix，Cibotii Rhizoma，and Taxilli Herba（Sangjisheng），to support the healthy qi and expel pathogens. These are combined with tonifying herbs like Angelicae Sinensis Radix，Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma，Eucommiae Cortex，Paeoniae Radix Alba（Baishao），and Astragali Radix to address the underlying deficiency. The specific formulation should be based on pattern differentiation tailored to the actual clinical presentation. This multivariate data mining provides references and insights for clinical drug selection，compatibility in treating AS，and new drug development. |
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