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| The research progress on regulating mitochondria in intestinal smooth muscle to improve yang deficiency-related constipation |
| Hits 52 Download times 9 Received:January 25, 2026 |
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| DOI
10.11656/j.issn.1673-9043.2026.04.14 |
| Key Words
mitochondria;intestinal smooth muscle;yang deficiency;oxidative stress;ATP synthesis;calcium homeostasis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Ruixuan | School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | | | LIU Haizhao | Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
Tianjin Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin 300192, China | | | JIN Yutong | First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China | | | SHI Yuexuan | School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | | | WANG Jida | First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China | | | LI Mengqi | School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | | | BIAN Yuhong | School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | bianyuhong_2012@163.com |
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| Abstract
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| Chronic constipation is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder，with intestinal smooth muscle dysfunction playing a central role in its onset and progression. The dysfunction is closely associated with mitochondrial impairment. Mitochondria are critical for energy metabolism，calcium ion regulation，and redox balance in intestinal smooth muscle cells. When mitochondrial function is compromised，the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle are disrupted，leading to abnormal gastrointestinal motility and aggravated constipation symptoms. Yang deficiency constipation，a prevalent subtype of chronic constipation in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM），is attributed to insufficient yang qi，resulting in impaired organ function. Increasing evidence suggests a strong biological link between yang deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction. TCM formulations that warm yang have been shown to enhance intestinal motility by modulating mitochondrial function through multiple pathways and targets. The review explores how the regulation of mitochondrial energy production，calcium homeostasis，and reactive oxygen species（ROS） balance affects the physiological state of intestinal smooth muscle. It further investigates the therapeutic potential of yang-warming TCM interventions in alleviating yang deficiency-related constipation via mitochondrial modulation. By integrating TCM theory with modern molecular mechanisms，this article aims to offer new theoretical foundations and perspectives for future clinical research and individualized treatment strategies for yang deficiency-related constipation. |
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