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| Clinical characteristics and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome patterns of tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma |
| Hits 173 Download times 63 Received:January 08, 2026 |
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| DOI
10.11656/j.issn.1673-9043.2026.05.03 |
| Key Words
tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma;clinical characteristics;syndrome characteristics;multivariate statistical analysis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | HONG Qinyan | Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China | | | TENG Jun | Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China | | | LI Lei | Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China | | | GAO Hong | Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Ⅱ, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing 100028, China | | | WANG Zhina | Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Ⅱ, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing 100028, China | | | XU Fei | Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Ⅱ, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing 100028, China | | | LYU Mingsheng | Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing 100029, China | | | ZOU Heng | Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China | | | WANG Hongwu | Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China | wanghongwu2015@126.com |
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| Abstract
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| [Objective] To explore the clinical and traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）syndrome characteristics of patients with tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma（TACC），providing scientific evidence for TCM clinical diagnosis and treatment of TACC. [Methods] A dual-center cross-sectional study was conducted to collect clinical and TCM syndrome data from 112 TACC patients. Statistical analysis included factor analysis，multiple correspondence analysis，K-means clustering，hierarchical clustering，and latent class analysis using R software to cluster and mine the structure of syndrome entries. Topological network analysis was employed to identify core syndrome variables，and latent class analysis validated syndrome classification rationality. [Results] A total of 112 TACC patients were enrolled from two centers，with a higher prevalence in females than in males. The lesions predominantly involved the middle and lower segments of the major airways. No significant sex differences were observed in clinical characteristics such as the primary tumor site，patterns of infiltration，or metastatic status. The most common TCM syndrome manifestations included cough（84.82%），dyspnea（59.82%），viscous sputum （46.43%），and spontaneous sweating（45.54%）. The most frequent tongue and pulse features were white tongue coating（72.32%），stagnated tongue vessels（49.11%），slippery pulse（36.61%），and rapid pulse（33.93%）. Through factor analysis，cluster analysis，and latent class analysis，three major TCM syndrome patterns of TACC were identified. [Conclusion] The pathogenesis of TACC is characterized by a complex interplay of deficiency and excess，with a protracted disease course consistently complicated by cancer toxin. The three predominant TCM syndrome patterns were summarized as follows：1）Qi deficiency with fluid depletion accompanied by phlegm-heat obstructing the collaterals；2）Lung-spleen deficiency with damp-turbidity stagnating the collaterals；3）Blood stasis and toxin accumulation with collateral damage leading to hemorrhage. |
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