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| Characteristics of chloroplast genome and phylogenetic analysis of Hygrophila megaliths Merr. |
| Hits 794 Download times 314 Received:December 20, 2024 |
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| DOI
10.11656/j.issn.1672-1519.2025.05.15 |
| Key Words
Hygrophila megalantha Merr.;the semen hygrophilae megalanthae;chloroplast genome;phylogenetic analysis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Tingting | Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | | | ZHANG Yue | Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | | | XING Zhimei | Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | | | LI Hui | Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | | | TIAN Xiaoxuan | Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China | tian_xiaoxuan@tjutcm.edu.cn |
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| Abstract
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| [Objective] Sequence and analyze the chloroplast genomes of Hygrophila megalantha Merr. and its closely related species Hygrophila sp.，to analyze the structural characteristics of chloroplast genomes and explore their phylogenetic positions and evolution relationships. [Methods] The chloroplast genomes of Hygrophila megalantha and closely related species Hygrophila sp. were sequenced. Bioinformatics tools and methods were employed for assembly，annotation，and feature analysis. A maximum likelihood tree was constructed for phylogenetic analysis. [Results] The lengths of the complete chloroplast genomes of Hygrophila megalantha and Hygrophila sp. are 146 373 bp and 146 698 bp respectively，the LSC region lengths are 90 414 bp and 90 572 bpre respectively，the SSC region lengths are 17 677 bp and 17 720 bp respectively，and the IR region lengths are 19 141 bp and 19 203 bp respectively. Genome annotation of both genomes identified 130 genes，including 86 protein-coding genes，36 tRNA genes，and 8 rRNA genes. Hygrophila megalantha and Hygrophila sp. have 24 580 and 24 645 codons，respectively，and both tend to use codons ending with the base A/U. SSR analysis detected 57 and 46 microsatellite sequences respectively，with a predominance of A/T base repeats. Using 17 chloroplast genomes from the Acanthaceae Ruellieae，including Hygrophila megalantha and Hygrophila sp.，as the ingroup，and selecting 3 chloroplast genomes outside Ruellieae as the outgroup，a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The result showed Hygrophila megalantha and Hygrophila sp. clustering together，have a close genetic relationship. [Conclusion] This study reports on the chloroplast genome of Hygrophila megalantha for the first time，providing a detailed analysis of its sequence variation and structural features. Additionally，a phylogenetic tree based on the chloroplast genomes was constructed，laying an important research foundation for the identification of the semen hygrophilae megalanthae and the utilization of its resources. |
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