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星形胶质细胞介导的胶质-血管耦合与AD血脑屏障破坏的关系
张云莎, 李虎虎, 杜欢, 范英昌
天津中医药大学病理教研室, 天津 300193
摘要:
血脑屏障(BBB)破坏作为β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)级联学说的上游或下游事件促进阿尔茨海默病(AD)的发生。BBB特征的维持依赖于星形胶质细胞(AC)介导的胶质-血管耦合。AD时,AC极性状态及旁分泌功能改变,影响胶质-血管耦合,可能参与BBB破坏进程。近年来,水通道蛋白4(AQP4)的极性分布及Sonic Hedgehog(SHH)信号在AC介导的胶质-血管耦合中的作用备受关注。文章从AC的AQP4极性分布及旁分泌SHH因子在BBB特征中的作用及AC病理改变与BBB破坏间的关系进行综述,并提出改善AC对Aβ的反应,调控胶质-血管耦合将是保护BBB防治AD的新思路。
关键词:  阿尔茨海默病  血脑屏障  星形胶质细胞  胶质-血管耦合
DOI:10.11656/j.issn.1672-1519.2016.11.17
分类号:
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81503505);天津中医药大学中西医结合学院研究生创新基金(ZXYCX201505)。
Relationship between astrocytes mediated gliovascular coupling and the blood-brain barrier damage in alzheimer's disease
ZHANG Yun-sha, LI Hu-hu, DU Huan, FAN Ying-chang
Department of Pathology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
Abstract:
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays critical roles in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Dysfunction of the BBB occurs in a number of CNS diseases, including alzheimer's disease (AD). Astrocyte mediated gliovascular coupling play essential roles in BBB feature induction and maintenance. So, changes about astrocyte polarity and paracrine function may result in BBB dysfunction.The polarity distribution of aquaporins4 and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway are gotten more attention in gliovascular coupling, hence the review focus on the role of aquaporins 4 and SHH pathway in BBB and the potential contribution of gliovascular coupling abnormal changes to BBB dysfunction in AD. At last, we conclude that improving the AC's response to amyloid β, regulating the gliovascular coupling will be a new idea for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Key words:  alzheimer's disease  blood-brain barrier  astrocyte  gliovascular coupling
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