中医药治疗瘟疫方剂用药规律的数据挖掘

Data mining for the regularity of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of plague prescriptions

关键词:  瘟疫  方剂  用药规律  新型冠状病毒肺炎  数据挖掘

Key words:  plague  prescription  medication rule  COVID-19  data mining

摘要:

[目的] 挖掘整理医籍中治疗瘟疫的方剂，探究其用药规律，为临床防治瘟疫病提供借鉴，为新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗提供参考。[方法] 查阅《中医大辞典》和古今医籍及方书中具有代表性治疗瘟疫病的方剂，选取以“瘟疫”作为主病或所防治病证的方剂。通过Excel 2010建立方名-药物-来源-功效表格，借助古今医案云平台V2.1建立数据库，寻找高频药物、药性、归经、药物组合等，对软件计算结果进行分析。[结果] 收录方剂115首，涉及中药322味，用药总频次为931次。频数前5味药物依次为甘草、川芎、黄芩、苍术、桔梗；高频药物按功效分类主要为清热解毒药、祛风止痛药、祛痰止咳药、补脾益气药、缓急止痛药、发表透邪药、清热燥湿药等；药性以温为主，其次为平和寒；药味以辛为主，继而为苦与甘；药物归经前6位为肺、脾、胃、肝、心、肾；药对以白芷-川芎、甘草-川芎最多见。[结论] 中医药治疗瘟疫的方剂用药具有一定的规律性，与现代中医治疗瘟疫基本病机与治法较为符合，用药特色可对中医药防治瘟疫提供借鉴，为新型冠状病毒肺炎防治提供启迪。

Abstract:

[Objective] To excavate and sort out medical books for the treatment of plagues and explore the medication rules,in order to provide references for prevention and treatment of plague diseases in practice and the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).[Methods] Representative prescriptions for the prevention and treatment of plague in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the medical books and prescriptions were selected.Establishing formula Name-Drug-Source-Effect table through Excel 2010,using Ancient and Modern Medical Record Cloud Platform V2.1 to establish database and find high-frequency drugs,drugs properties,channel tropism,drugs combination,etc.,then analyze statistical results.[Results] The 115 prescriptions were recorded,involving 322 kinds of Chinese medicine,with a total frequency of 931 times. The top 5 frequently used drug were Licorice,Ligusticum,Scutellaria Baicalensis,Rhizoma Atractylodes,and Platycodon. The high-frequency drugs were classified according to their efficacy,heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs,expelling wind and pain medicine,expectorant and cough medicine,nourishing spleen medicine,analgesic and pain relief medicine,cold rash medicines,heat-relieving and damp-wet medicines. The main property of drug was warming,followed by peaceful and cold;the medicinal taste was mainly pungent,followed by bitter and sweet. The top 6 channel tropism of drugs were lung,spleen,stomach,liver,heart,and kidney.Themost common couplet drugs were of Angelica-Ligusticum and Licorice-Ligusticum.[Conclusion] There certain regularity in treating plague,which is in line with the pathogenesis and treatment methods of modern Chinese medicine. The characteristics have a reference role in preventing and treating plague and COVID-19.