正念疗法对肺癌患者焦虑、抑郁的干预效果研究

Research on intervention effect of mindfulness therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with lung cancer

关键词:  肺癌|正念疗法|心理护理|焦虑|抑郁

Key words:  lung cancer|mindfulness therapy|psychological nursing|anxiety|depressed

摘要:

[目的] 评估正念疗法对肺癌住院患者焦虑、抑郁和生活质量的影响，探讨适合住院期肺癌患者心理干预的可行性方案。[方法] 选取2021年12月—2022年3月于天津中医药大学第一附属医院肿瘤科住院的肺癌患者74例，采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组。观察组在入院时进行7次正念练习，隔日1次，共14 d，出院期根据视频自行练习，共持续8周。对照组只进行常规治疗和护理。两组在第0、8周末时使用汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）进行测量。采用SPSS 26.0进行统计学分析。[结果] 观察组焦虑、抑郁、躯体功能、敌对、睡眠障碍和饮食不良较对照组均显著改善（P<0.05），且在随访期内疗效持续（两组患者HAMD、HAMA、SCL-90症状自评评分均下降，且HAMA、SCL-90症状自评评分观察组低于对照组）。对照组在第8周除抑郁、疼痛较第0周有改善外（P<0.05），其他无显著改善，观察组在第8周抑郁、总体健康状况、敌对、睡眠障碍和饮食不良较第0周均有改善，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。[结论] 肺癌患者有自我调整和适应的能力，正念疗法对肺癌患者心理症状疗效显著，且随访期疗效持续。

Abstract:

[Objective] To evaluate the effect of mindfulness therapy on anxiety,depression and quality of life of hospitalized lung cancer patients,and to explore the feasible scheme of psychological intervention for hospitalized lung cancer patients.[Methods] The 74 patients with lung cancer hospitalized in oncology department from December 2021 to March 2022 were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The observation group received 7 mindfulness exercises at admission,once every other day for 14 days. During discharge,they practiced by themselves according to video,lasting for 8 weeks. The control group only received routine treatment and nursing. The two groups were measured with hamilton depression scale (HAMD),hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and SCL-90 at the end of the 0 and 8 weeks. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis.[Results] The symptoms of anxiety,depression,physical function,hostility,sleep disorders and poor diet in the observation group were significantly improved compared with those in the control group (P<0.05),and the curative effect continued during the follow-up period (the scores of HAMD,HAMA and SCL-90 in the two groups decreased, and the scores of HAMA and SCL-90 in the intervention group were lower than those in the observation group). At the 8th week,the control group had no significant improvement except for depression and pain (P<0.05). At the 8th week,the observation group had significant improvement in depression,general health,hostility,sleep disorders and poor diet (P<0.05).[Conclusion] Patients with lung cancer have the ability of self adjustment and adaptation. Mindfulness therapy has a significant effect on psychological symptoms of patients with lung cancer,and the effect continues during the follow-up period.