人类猴痘中医认识探析

An exploration of the Chinese medical understanding of human monkeypox

关键词:  猴痘  中医  病因病机  治则治法  预防

Key words:  monkeypox  traditional Chinese medicine  etiology and pathogenesis  rule and treatment  prevention

摘要:

2022年7月，世界卫生组织宣布猴痘疫情已构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”，且具有进一步传播的风险。猴痘是一种由猴痘病毒引起的人畜共患疾病，可通过体液接触或呼吸道飞沫传播，人群普遍易感，病症类似天花，属于中医学“疫病”的范畴。中医学认为猴痘的病因病机为外感疠气、热毒壅盛，多以肺脾胃三脏为病变中心，宜以轻清透表、清热解毒、调气活血、扶助正气为基本治则。临床论治中当辨证分期论治，痘出之前以升麻葛根汤加减，痘发之际用清瘟败毒饮加减，结痂以后选保元汤加减，预防上应当外慎邪气、内养正气。

Abstract:

In July 2022 the World Health Organization declared the monkeypox epidemic to be a public health emergency of international concern with a risk of further spread. Monkeypox is the both animal and human disease caused by monkeypox virus, which can be transmitted through contact with body fluids or respiratory droplets and people are generally susceptible to it. The systems are similar to smallpox and it belongs to "yibing" in traditional Chinese medicine. It is believed that in traditional Chinese medicine the disease is located in the lung, spleen and stomach. The principle of lightly clearing, heat-clearing and detoxification, regulating qi and promoting blood circulation, and reinforcing healthy qi are the key to treat the disease. Before the pox emerges, use decoction of rhizome cimicifugae and radia with addition and subtraction; at the time of pox development, use Qingwen Baidu Decoction with addition and subtraction; after the scab has formed, use Baoyuan Decoction with addition and subtraction. In the prevention of monkeypox, we should think highly of vital energy and avoiding the pathogenic factor.