1 190例婴幼儿的中医体质类型分布及特禀质相关因素探析

Analysis of distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types and factors related to inherited special constitution in 1 190 infants

关键词:  中医体质  特禀质  婴幼儿  分布特征  相关因素

Key words:  TCM constitution  inherited special constitution  infant  distribution characteristics  correlation factor

摘要:

[目的] 对 0~3 岁婴幼儿的中医体质类型分布特征及婴幼儿特禀质与年龄、性别、出生方式、喂养方式、是否独生子女、父母年龄、父母学历的相关性进行分析。[方法] 使用《王琦九种中医体质量表（0～3 岁婴幼儿版）》， 通过问卷星软件收集 1 190 例广东省和北京市地区婴幼儿体质数据， 采用构成比分析各体质类型的构成情况； 运用 χ² 检验比较不同性别、年龄、地域的婴幼儿是否存在体质类型的差异；采用 Logistic 回归对婴幼儿年龄、性别、出生方式、喂养方式、是否独生子女、父母年龄、父母学历与特禀质的关系进行分析。[结果] 婴幼儿体质的构成情况为平和质占54.62%， 8 种偏颇体质占 45.38%， 位于前 3 位的是湿热质、阴虚质、气郁质， 构成比分别为 15.29%、10.00%、9.92%， 特禀质位列第 4 位， 构成比为 4.96%。不同年龄、性别、地域婴幼儿的中医体质类型构成比具有统计学差异。婴幼儿特禀质与年龄（OR=1.059， 95%CI=1.021~1.099）正相关。[结论] 婴幼儿最常见的体质类型为平和质， 前 3 位偏颇体质是湿热质、阴虚质、气郁质， 特禀质位列第 4 位， 婴幼儿年龄对特禀质的形成具有一定影响。

Abstract:

[Objective] To analyze the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types of infants aged 0-3 years and the correlation between their inherited special constitution and age，sex，birth mode，feeding mode，sole offspring，parents’ age and parents’ education. [Methods] The constitution data of 1 190 infants in Guangdong and Beijing were collected by using Wang Qi’s Nine Body Types in Constitutional Medicine Questionnaire （0 to 3 Years Old Version） through Wenjuanxing App，and the constituent ratio was used to analyze the constitution type. The χ² test was used to compare whether there are differences in constitution types among infants of different genders，ages and regions；Logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between infant’s age，gender， birth pattern，feeding mode，sole offspring，parents’ age，parents’ education and inherited special constitution. [Results] The composition of the infants’ constitution was 54.62% balanced constitution，and the eight unbalanced constitutions accounted for 45.38%. The top three unbalanced constitutions were damp-heat constitution，yin-deficiency constitution and qi stagnation constitution，with the constituent ratios of 15.29%，10.00%，9.92%，respectively，while inherited special constitution ranks fourth，with the constituent ratio of 4.96% . The constitution ratio of infants of different ages，genders and regions had statistical significance. The inherited special constitution was positively correlated with age （OR=1.059，95%CI=1.021~1.099）. [Conclusion] The most common constitution type of infants was balanced constitution，and the first three biased constitutions were damp-heat constitution，yin-deficiency constitution and qi stagnation constitution，the inherited special constitution ranked fourth. The age of infants had certain influence on the formation of inherited special constitution.