姜杜仲炮制历史沿革及经典名方探讨

Discussion on the history of the processing of ginger-roasted eucommiae cortex and the famous classical prescriptions

关键词:  姜杜仲  中药炮制  历史沿革  经典名方

Key words:  ginger-roasted eucommiae cortex  traditional Chinese medicine processing  historical development  famous classical prescriptions

摘要:

杜仲为杜仲科植物杜仲Eucommiaulmoides Oliv.的干燥树皮，具有补肝肾、强筋骨、安胎、降血压之功效，为中医临床常用药物。历代杜仲应用均强调炮制后入药，古人对其炮制研究积累了丰富的实践经验，有净制、切制、酥制、炙制、炒制、蜜炙、姜汁炙、盐水炒、酒拌炒焦、炒炭等十余种炮制方法。其中姜汁炙在多本中医药古籍中均有记载。然而，由于战乱等原因，姜杜仲在清末民初时期意外失传，虽坊间还有使用，但在历代版本的《中华人民共和国药典》及各地中药炮制规范中均未收载。为扩大杜仲主治范围，更好地传承和发展姜杜仲，有必要对其历史沿革进行梳理。文章通过对历代本草古籍、方书、医籍进行收集整理并结合现代书籍、文献资料，对古今姜杜仲的炮制方法进行梳理，对姜杜仲的药性功效、功能主治、临床应用及经典名方进行系统考证，以期为姜杜仲的炮制工艺、临床应用及现代研究提供参考依据。

Abstract:

Eucommiae cortex is the dry bark of eucommia ulmoides from the family eucommiaceae, which is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying the liver and kidneys, strengthening the muscles and bones, stabilizing the fetus, and lowering blood pressure. Throughout the ages, the use of eucommiae cortex has emphasized that it has been processed and then used as a medicine. Ancient people have accumulated rich practical experience in the processing research of eucommiae cortex, there are more than ten kinds of processing methods such as net system, cutting system, crispy system, sizzling system, stir-frying system, honey-roasting system, ginger-roasting system, brine-frying system, wine-mixed stir-frying system, charcoal-frying system, and so on. One of them, ginger roasting, has been recorded in several ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine. However, due to war and other reasons, ginger-roasted eucommiae cortex was accidentally lost at the end of the qing dynasty and the beginning of the republic of China. Although it is still used in the community, it has not been included in the successive editions of the Chinese pharmacopoeia and the standardization of Chinese medicine concoctions in various places. To expand the main therapeutic scope of the eucommiae cortex and to better inherit and develop ginger-roasted eucommiae cortex, it is necessary to sort out its historical development. This paper collected and organized the ancient herbal and medical books and combined them with modern books and literature to sort out the ancient and modern processing of ginger-roasted eucommiae cortex, and systematically examined the medicinal properties, functional and main indications, clinical applications, and famous classical prescriptions of ginger-roasted eucommiae cortex, to provide references for the concocting process, clinical application and modern research of ginger-roasted eucommiae cortex.