骨碎补及其有效成分促进骨折愈合的机制与临床应用研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism and clinical application of Drynariae Rhizoma and its active components in promoting fracture healing

关键词:  骨碎补  骨折愈合  黄酮类化合物  成骨细胞  骨质疏松

Key words:  Drynaria Rhizoma  fracture healing  flavonoids  osteoblasts  osteoporosis

摘要:

骨碎补是传统常用中药，具有促进骨折愈合、补肾强骨的功效。研究表明，其主要活性成分黄酮类化合物（以柚皮苷为代表）可通过多种途径发挥促骨愈合作用，包括：提高骨密度、促进成骨细胞分化与矿化、调控骨形态发生蛋白-2（BMP-2）等信号通路表达、抑制破骨细胞活性以及促进血管生成等。临床实践和部分研究显示，骨碎补单用或联用可改善骨质疏松性骨折患者的骨密度与愈合进程，且安全性较好。目前研究多集中于黄酮类成分，未来还需深入探讨其他化学组分的作用，并开展更多临床研究，以明确其最佳应用方案。

Abstract:

Drynaria Rhizoma is a traditional and commonly used Chinese herbal medicine renowned for its efficacy in promoting fracture healing and tonifying kidney to strengthen bones. Studies indicate that its primary bioactive constituents，flavonoids（with naringin as the representative compound），facilitate bone healing through multiple mechanisms，including：increasing bone mineral density，enhancing osteoblast differentiation and mineralization，regulating signaling pathways such as BMP- 2，inhibiting osteoclast activity，and promoting angiogenesis. Clinical practice and preliminary research demonstrate that Drynaria Rhizoma，used alone or in combination，can improve bone density and accelerate healing in patients with osteoporotic fractures，exhibiting a favorable safety profile. Current investigations predominantly focus on flavonoid components；future studies should explore the roles of other chemical constituents and conduct more rigorous clinical trials to establish optimal therapeutic protocols.