不同产地黄芩药材中主要药效成分含量变化规律研究

Study on the change law of major pharmacological components in Scutellariae Radix membranaceus from different habitats

关键词:  黄芩  不同产地  药效成分  主成分分析

Key words:  Scutellaria Radix  producing areas  medicinal composition  principal component analysis

摘要:

[目的] 通过对7个产区13个产地及样地的黄芩药材中主要药效成分含量的系统考察，确定不同产地黄芩质量整体特征，为其临床运用提供参考。[方法] 采用醇溶性浸出法测定浸出物含量，高效液相色谱法测定黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素的含量，并进行主成分分析。[结果] 基于《中华人民共和国药典》（简称药典）限量指标成分黄芩苷和浸出物，各产地黄芩样品均高于药典限量标准；山东临沂、内蒙古赤峰两地栽培品含量总体水平最高，但各产地野生品均较低；汉黄芩苷于2.28%~3.74%，仍以临沂栽培品含量最高，其他产地野生品均较低；黄芩素于0.3%~1.0%，山西栽培品总体水平较高。[结论] 主成分分析结果表明，各主产区黄芩药材整体质量较优，不存在不合格药材；山东临沂栽培黄芩各药效成分累积量最为丰富，其次为山西运城、闻喜、夏县产地，说明当前市场把山西作为优质产区具有一定合理性，也为黄芩栽培区域的合理选择提供数据支持；丰宁、承德、赤峰野生品居于后3位，各产地野生品药效成分累积量均远低于栽培品，此现象应引起人们关注。

Abstract:

[Objective] Through systematic investigation of the major medicinal ingredients content of Scutellariae Radix from 13 producing areas in 7 producing units and sample plots,the overall quality characteristics of Scutellariae Radix from different producing areas were confirmed,which provided reference for its clinical application.[Methods] The total extract content was determined by alcohol-soluble leaching method,and the contents of baicalin,wogonoside,and baicalein were determined by HPLC,and principal component analysis(PCA) was performed.[Results] Based on the baicalin and extracts in the Pharmacopoeia limited index components,the Scutellaria samples were higher than the pharmacopoeia limited standards. The content of cultivated Scutellaria in Linyi and Chifeng was the highest,but the wild Scutellaria was lower in all producing areas. The wogonoside content is between 2.28% to 3.74%,and the cultivated in Linyi still has the highest level,and the wild in other producing areas are lower. The content of baicalein is 0.3% to 1.0%,and the overall level of cultivar in Shanxi is higher.[Conclusion] PCA showed that the overall quality of Radix Scutellariae in the main producing areas was superior,and there were no unqualified medicinal materials. The medicinal ingredient accumulation of cultivated in Linyi,Shandong Province was the most abundant,followed by Shanxi Yuncheng,Wenxi and Xiaxian. It shows that Shanxi as a high-quality production area has a certain rationality in the current market;Fengning,Chengde and Chifeng wild varieties are in the last three places,and the cumulative medicinal ingredients amount of wild varieties in each producing area is much lower than that of cultivated varieties. This phenomenon should attract people's attention.