现代分析技术在中药研究中的应用

The application of modern analytical techniques in the investigations of traditional Chinese medicine

关键词:  液相色谱-质谱联用  气相色谱-质谱联用  核磁共振  中药

Key words:  LC-MS  GC-MS  nuclear magnetic resonance  traditional Chinese medicine

摘要:

中药以其实际疗效和丰富资源在全世界范围内得到了广泛应用，但中药的化学成分组成复杂、活性组分不明确仍是阻碍其发展与应用的主要因素。明确中药及其复方制剂的化学成分、探明药效或功效组分，需要发展新的分析技术。随着科技进步，许多契合中药多成分特征的分析技术与实验方法快速发展，并被广泛应用至中药研究领域，推动了中药现代研究。文章综述了液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）、核磁共振波谱（NMR）、色谱技术、光谱技术、仿生技术、电泳技术等多种现代分析技术的特征及其在中药研究领域的应用，以期为中药更好地开发与利用提供有益参考。

Abstract:

Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） has been widely applied in a global scope due to its practical efficacy and abundant r esources. However， the complexity of its chemical components and the unclearness in the active constituents remain the key factors hindering its development and application. Clarifying the chemical composition of TCM and its compound preparations， as well as identifying the active/functional components， requires the development of sophisticated analytical techniques. With the advancement of science and technology， a number of analytical techniques and experimental methods conforming to the multicomponent characteristics of TCM have been rapidly developed and applied in the field of TCM research. This article reviews the characteristics of various modern analytical techniques， suchas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry（LC-MS）， gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）， nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） spectroscopy， other chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques， biomimetic techniques， and electrophoretic techniques， together with their applications in TCM， aimed to provide the useful reference to the better development and utilization of TCM.