远志及其复方治疗阿尔茨海默病的研究进展

Research progress of polygala radix and its compound in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

关键词:  阿尔茨海默病  远志  复方  作用机制

Key words:  Alzheimer's disease  polygala radix  compound  mechanism

摘要:

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是多因素综合导致的中枢神经系统慢性疾病，中国阿尔茨海默病患者的群体数目在不断增长，这已经成为了社会重大的医疗挑战。远志，作为我国常用的传统中药，能安神益智、开窍祛痰、交通心肾、消肿散结，其活性成分多样，在防治阿尔茨海默病上疗效显著，具有抑制β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）级联，阻止微管相关蛋白tau（Tau）磷酸化，保护血脑屏障，调节肠道菌群，抑制神经细胞焦亡和炎症反应，抑制铁死亡，调控泛素-蛋白酶体系统等重要作用。以远志为主要成分的复方方剂具有整体调节的优势，在一定程度上会产生更全面的效果，能够更优化、更有效地针对阿尔茨海默病进行治疗。现对近年来远志及其复方治疗阿尔茨海默病的相关研究进展进行综述，以期为阿尔茨海默病的研究和临床防治提供参考价值。

Abstract:

Alzheimer's disease（AD） is a multifactorial chronic disease of the central nervous system. The growing number of people with Alzheimer's disease in China has become a major medical challenge for society. As a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal（TCM） material, polygala radix possesses a variety of effects, such as tranquilizing mind and enriching the intelligence, eliminating phlegm for resuscitation, coordinating the heart and kidney, resolving swellings and eliminating nodules. It has a wide variety of active ingredients. And it is effective in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, with inhibiting β-amyloid（Aβ） aggregation, suppressing microtubule-associated protein（tau） hyperphosphorylation, protecting blood-brain barrier, regulating intestinal flora, inhibiting neuronal pyroptosis and inflammatory response, inhibiting ferroptosis, and regulating ubiquitin-proteasome system. Compounds with polygala radix as the main ingredient have the advantage of overall regulation, and to a certain extent, they will produce a more comprehensive effect, which can be more optimized and effective for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The present study reviews the research progress on polygala radix and its compound, to provide reference value for Alzheimer's disease research and clinical prevention.