硝普钠对藏药川西獐牙菜生长及药用成分积累的影响

Effect of sodium nitroprusside on the growth and accumulation of medicinal components of Swertia mussotii Franch

关键词:  川西獐牙菜  硝普钠  生长  药用成分

Key words:  Swertia mussotii Franch  sodium nitroprusside  growth  medicinal ingredient

摘要:

[目的] 探讨一氧化氮（NO）供体硝普钠（SNP）对川西獐牙菜幼苗生长及药用成分积累的影响。[方法] 以3月龄川西獐牙菜幼苗为试材，采用5个浓度（0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0 mmol/L）的SNP溶液隔日进行喷洒处理，处理10 d后取样测定幼苗生长、生理生化指标及药用成分积累情况。[结果] 与对照组比较，SNP处理的川西獐牙菜生长呈现出“低促高抑”现象。1.0 mmol/L的SNP处理组川西獐牙菜幼苗的鲜质量、干质量较对照组分别升高了1.73、1.45倍，同时光合色素含量达到最高，并且有效改善叶绿素荧光动力学参数。0.5、1.0 mmol/L的SNP处理时，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性升高，丙二醛（MDA）含量降低，以维持其体内活性氧的动态平衡。0.5 mmol/L的SNP处理时，幼苗中獐牙菜苦苷、芒果苷和异荭草素含量增加。[结论] 低浓度SNP胁迫川西獐牙菜能够促进川西獐牙菜生长，提高光合作用，并促进獐牙菜苦苷、芒果苷和异荭草素的积累。研究为外源物质促进川西獐牙菜生长及调控药用成分含量的积累提供思路。

Abstract:

[Objective] To explore the effects of sodium nitroprusside（SNP），NO donor，on the growth and accumulation of medicinal ingredients in Swertia mussotii Franch seedlings. [Methods] 3-month-old S.mussotii seedlings were used as the test material. Five concentrations of SNP solution（0，0.5，1.0，2.0，3.0 mmol/L） were sprayed every other day for 10 days. Samples were taken to measure seedling growth，physiological and biochemical indicators， and the accumulation of medicinal components（with distilled water treatment serving as the blank control group）. [Results] Compared to the control group，Swertia mussotii Franch treated with sodium nitroprusside exhibited a “low concentration promotion，high concentration inhibition” phenomenon in growth. The fresh weight and dry weight of Swertia mussotii Franch seedlings in the 1.0 mmol/L SNP treatment group were 1.73 and 1.45 times higher than those in the control group，respectively. Additionally，the chlorophyll content reached its peak，and the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters were effectively improved. Under the treatment of 0.5，1.0 mmol/L SNP，the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase，peroxidase and catalase increased，and the malondialdehyde content decreased，maintaining the dynamic balance of reactive oxygen species in vivo. Under the treatment of 0.5 mmol/L SNP，the contents of swertiamarin，mangiferin and isoorientin in the seedling increased. [Conclusion] Low-concentration SNP stress can enhance the growth of Swertia mussotii Franch，improve photosynthesis，and promote the accumulation of swertiamarin，mangiferin and isoorientin. This study provides insights into the use of exogenous substances to promote the growth of Swertia mussotii Franch and regulate the accumulation of its medicinal components.