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| 基于UPLC-QTOF-MS技术分析党参产地加工前后的化学成分差异 |
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何敏1, 胡佳栋1,2, 张晨1, 邸鹏3, 唐昭辉1, 陈万生1,2, 邱实1,4
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1.上海中医药大学中药研究所, 中药新资源与品质评价中管局重点研究室, 中药资源与生物技术中心, 上海 201203;2.海军军医大学第二附属医院药学部, 上海 200003;3.吉林农业大学中药材学院, 人参新品种选育与开发国家地方联合工程研究中心, 长春 130118;4.道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100700
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| 摘要: |
| [目的] 分析中药党参鲜药材和饮片的化学成分差异，探讨党参中化学成分的组织分布特点及产地加工对党参化学成分的影响。[方法] 采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱（UPLC-QTOF-MS）技术对党参鲜药材和饮片的化学成分进行表征；所采集数据经过MS-DIAL软件处理后，利用SIMICA-P软件依次进行主成分分析（PCA）和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析（OPLS-DA），筛选并鉴定党参鲜药材和饮片之间的差异化学成分。通过PCA、PLS-DA分析，揭示党参饮片不同组织部位（周皮、木质部、韧皮部）中化学成分差异。[结果] 党参鲜药材和饮片间的化学成分差异显著；鉴定获得17个差异化学标记物，主要包含生物碱类、有机酸类、多炔类及苯丙素类成分，且17个差异化学成分呈现出不同的变化规律。多炔类化合物在党参饮片中不同组织部位的相对含量差异显著，尤其在木质部中大量富集。[结论] 产地加工对于党参中多炔类影响最为显著，党参炔苷作为党参中重要的活性成分，使得党参饮片木质比占比这项参数直接影响党参饮片品质。本研究为党参产地加工环节优化、药材品质形成及质量评价提供了科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 党参 产地加工 UPLC-QTOF-MS 化学成分 质量评价 |
| DOI：10.11656/j.issn.1673-9043.2025.08.05 |
| 分类号:R284.1 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3501700）；上海市大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202410268245）；上海中医药大学有组织科研项目（2023YZZ02）；中央本级重大增减支项目“名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目”（2060302）。 |
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| A comparative study on chemical constituents diffenrences between fresh and processed samples of Codonopsis Pilosula |
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HE Min1, HU Jiadong1,2, ZHANG Chen1, DI Peng3, TANG Zhaohui1, CHEN Wansheng1,2, QIU Shi1,4
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1.Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;2.Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China;3.National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Breeding and Development of New Ginseng Varieties, College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;4.State Key Laboratory for Quality Assurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective] This study investigates the chemical composition differences between fresh Codonopsis pilosula（Dangshen） medicinal material and its decoction pieces，focusing on the tissue-specific distribution of components and the effects of post-harvest processing on their chemical profile. [Methods] Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC-QTOF-MS） was used to analyze the chemical components of fresh and processed Dangshen. Data were processed using MS-DIAL software and further analyzed through principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） to identify chemical markers distinguishing fresh material from decoction pieces. Additional analyses explored the chemical composition variations across different tissue sections of the decoction pieces，including the periderm，xylem，and phloem. [Results] The results revealed significant chemical composition differences between fresh Dangshen and its decoction pieces. Seventeen differential chemical markers，including alkaloids，organic acids，polyacetylenes，and phenylpropanoids，were identified，each displaying distinct variation patterns. Among these，polyacetylenes exhibited the most notable changes，with a marked enrichment in the xylem of the decoction pieces. [Conclusion] Post-harvest processing was found to have a profound impact on the polyacetylenes，the key active ingredients in Dangshen. The proportion of lobetyolin in the xylem emerged as a critical factor influencing the quality of the decoction pieces. These findings offer valuable insights into optimizing post-harvest processing，understanding quality formation，and establishing quality evaluation criteria for Dangshen medicinal material. |
| Key words: Codonopsis pilosula local processing UPLC-QTOF-MS chemical constituents quality evaluation |
