基于数据挖掘技术探析针灸治疗功能性肠道疾病的选穴规律

Analysis of acupoint selection rules for acupuncture treatment of functional intestinal diseases based on data mining technology

关键词:  针灸  功能性肠病  数据挖掘  选穴规律  腧穴

Key words:  acupuncture  functional gastrointestinal disorder  data mining  acupoint selection rule  acupoint

摘要:

[目的] 利用数据挖掘技术，分析针灸治疗功能性肠病的选穴共性和规律。[方法] 筛选出中国知网、中国生物医学数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、Pubmed中发表的建库至2024年12月收录的针灸治疗功能性肠病的临床研究文献，建立针灸处方主穴数据库，进行描述性分析、关联规则分析、聚类分析，并进一步对核心穴方潜在靶点进行挖掘，通过“核心穴方-靶点-功能性肠病”网络构建、蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络建立与核心靶点提取以分析针灸治疗功能性肠病的潜在作用机制。[结果] 筛选出229篇符合纳入标准的文献，涉及腧穴83个，使用频次最高的穴位为天枢，经络为足阳明胃经，部位为下肢。关联规则分析结果显示，穴位配伍按支持度排序，支持度最高的穴组是天枢-上巨虚。聚类分析结果识别出五个功能性群体，分布如下：第1组聚焦于头顶和面部，如百会和印堂，配合下肢部和腹部重要穴位太冲、三阴交、足三里、内关；第2组涉及胃肠区域，包括腹结、上巨虚、天枢等；第3组则主要集中在胸腹部的特定腧穴，如大横与支沟；第4组涵盖胸腹部与背腰部的腧穴，如关元、中脘、气海、合谷、阴陵泉、肝俞、脾俞、肾俞、大肠俞；最后一组为曲池穴。挖掘到核心穴方潜在治疗靶点98个，与功能性肠病共有靶点20个，经PPI网络拓扑分析提取出核心靶点，包括酪氨酸羟化酶（TH），速激肽前体1（TAC1），脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），神经肽Y（NPY），神经生长因子（NGF），胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（GDNF），Fos原癌因子（FOS），Toll样受体4（TLR4），血管活性肠肽（VIP），多巴胺受体D2（DRD2）等。[结论] 本研究运用数据挖掘手段，深入分析了针灸在缓解功能性肠道疾病中的腧穴选择。通过筛选和分析229篇相关文献，我们发现治疗功能性肠病时，常使用的关键穴位包括天枢、上巨虚和足三里，这些腧穴在临床中频繁被采用。本研究结果为临床针灸治疗功能性肠病提供了数据支持，有助于优化治疗方案，并为后续研究针灸治疗功能性肠病作用机制提供理论基础。

Abstract:

[Objective] To analyze the commonalities and patterns of acupoint selection in acupuncture treatment of functional intestinal diseases using data mining technology.[Methods] Clinical research literature on acupuncture treatment of functional intestinal diseases published from database inception to December 2024 was retrieved from CNKI,China Biomedical Database,VIP Chinese Sci-Tech Journal Database,and PubMed. A database of main acupoints in acupuncture prescriptions was established for descriptive analysis,association rule analysis,and cluster analysis. Potential targets of core acupoint prescriptions were further explored through network construction of "core acupoint prescription-target-functional intestinal disease,"protein-protein interaction(PPI) network establishment,and core target extraction to analyze the potential mechanism of acupuncture in treating functional intestinal diseases.[Results] A total of 229 articles meeting inclusion criteria were screened,involving 83 acupoints. The most frequently used acupoint was Tianshu(ST25),the most involved meridian was the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian,and the primary location was the lower limbs. Association rule analysis revealed that the acupoint pair with the highest support was Tianshu(ST25)-Shangjuxu(ST37). Cluster analysis identified five functional groups distributed as follows:Group 1 focused on the head vertex and face[e.g.,Baihui(GV20) and Yintang(GV29)],combined with important lower limb and abdominal acupoints[Taichong(LR3),Sanyinjiao(SP6),Zusanli(ST36),Neiguan(PC6)];Group 2 involved the gastrointestinal region[e.g.,Fujie(SP14),Shangjuxu(ST37),Tianshu(ST25)];Group 3 concentrated on specific acupoints in the chest and abdomen(e.g.,Daheng(SP15) and Zhigou(TE6));Group 4 covered acupoints in the chest,abdomen,and back/lumbar regions[e.g.,Guanyuan(CV4),Zhongwan(CV12),Qihai(CV6),Hegu(LI4),Yinlingquan(SP9),Ganshu(BL18),Pishu(BL20),Shenshu(BL23),Dachangshu(BL25)];Group 5 consisted of Quchi(LI11). Ninety-eight potential therapeutic targets of the core acupoint prescriptions were identified,with 20 overlapping targets shared with functional intestinal diseases. Core targets extracted through PPI network topology analysis included tyrosine hydroxylase(TH),tachykinin precursor 1(TAC1),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),neuropeptide Y(NPY),nerve growth factor(NGF),glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),Fos proto-oncogene(FOS),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP),and dopamine receptor D2(DRD2).[Conclusion] This study utilized data mining to deeply analyze acupoint selection in acupuncture for alleviating functional intestinal diseases. Through screening and analysis of 229 relevant articles,we found that key acupoints frequently used in treating functional intestinal diseases include Tianshu(ST25),Shangjuxu(ST37),and Zusanli(ST36). These findings provide data support for clinical acupuncture treatment of functional intestinal diseases,contribute to optimizing treatment protocols,and establish a theoretical basis for subsequent research on the mechanism of acupuncture in treating functional intestinal diseases.