中药在脓毒症治疗中的作用及机制研究进展

Research advances on the therapeutic mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in sepsis management

关键词:  脓毒症  中药  免疫  炎症  器官损伤

Key words:  sepsis  traditional Chinese medicine  immunity  inflammation  organ injury

摘要:

脓毒症发病机制复杂并且容易导致脏器衰竭，具有较高的发病率和病死率。尽管脓毒症的研究日益增多，但是目前仍然缺乏有效的治疗手段。中药在中国古代治疗感染性疾病中发挥了关键作用。多种中药成分被证实具有抑制炎症反应、减轻氧化应激、调节免疫细胞功能等生物学功效。因此，中药在脓毒症治疗方面的作用受到密切关注，并且近年来在临床试验和实验研究方面取得了一系列进展，为其临床转化应用提供了可能。文章在中药传统生物学效应基础上，从抑制炎症反应、减轻氧化应激、抑制细胞死亡、调节免疫细胞功能等方面展开综述，对中药复方、中成药、单味药和中药单体在治疗脓毒症及其相关信号通路与分子靶点机制方面进行了系统性梳理，以期为中药治疗脓毒症的新药研发与临床精准应用提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Sepsis，characterized by complex pathogenesis and high risks of organ failure，exhibits substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Despite growing research efforts，effective therapeutic approaches remain limited. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） has played pivotal roles in managing infectious diseases throughout Chinese history. Numerous TCM components have demonstrated multiple biological benefits including inflammation suppression，oxidative stress mitigation，and immune cell function regulation. Consequently，TCM’s potential in sepsis treatment has attracted significant attention，with recent progress in both clinical trials and experimental studies suggesting promising clinical translation prospects. Building upon TCM’s traditional biological effects，this review comprehensively examines its therapeutic mechanisms from multiple perspectives：1） inflammatory response inhibition. 2） oxidative stress reduction. 3） cell death prevention. 4） immune cell function modulation. The article systematically analyze the effects of TCM compound formulas，proprietary medicines，single herbs，and active monomers on sepsis treatment，along with their associated signaling pathways and molecular targets. This synthesis aims to provide theoretical foundations for developing novel TCM-based sepsis treatments and guiding clinical precision medicine applications.