纳米粒递送中药活性成分在癌症治疗中的应用研究进展

Research progress on nanoparticle-delivered active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine for cancer therapy

关键词:  纳米粒  活性成分  癌症  药物递送

Key words:  nanoparticle  active ingredient  cancer  drug delivery

摘要:

癌症是全世界发病率和病死率较高的疾病，传统的化学治疗药物容易产生耐药性并伴有严重的不良反应。纳米粒的出现为癌症的诊断和治疗提供了新选择。活血化瘀、清热解毒、益气养血类中药以其显著的抗肿瘤活性广泛用于癌症的临床治疗。然而大多数中药的活性成分因溶解度差和生物利用度低受到限制，使用纳米粒作为药物递送载体，能够有效改善中药活性成分的缺点。文章介绍了不同种类纳米粒的性质，重点综述了使用纳米粒递送中药活性成分对各类癌症的治疗作用，期望为传统中药纳米制剂的开发提供理论基础，为癌症治疗提供新选择。

Abstract:

Cancer remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Conventional chemotherapeutic agents often induce drug resistance and severe adverse effects. The advent of nanoparticles has introduced novel approaches for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） with functions including activating blood circulation to resolve stasis，clearing heat-toxin，and replenishing qi-blood have demonstrated remarkable antitumor efficacy in clinical practice. However，the therapeutic potential of many TCM active components is limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability. Nanoparticle-based delivery systems can effectively overcome these pharmacological limitations. This review characterizes various types of nanoparticles，with particular emphasis on their applications for delivering TCM active components in cancer treatment. The findings may provide theoretical foundations for developing novel TCM nanomedicines and alternative strategies for cancer therapy.