“气血水”学说视角下小柴胡汤治疗水分病与血分病的临证思辨

Clinical reasoning on the treatment of edema and blood diseases with Xiaochaihu Decoction from the perspective of "qi-blood-fluid"

关键词:  小柴胡汤  功用  和解枢机  气血水  《伤寒论》

Key words:  Xiaochaihu Decoction  function  reconcile the pivot  qi-blood-fluid  Treatise on Cold-Attack

摘要:

小柴胡汤作为《伤寒论》中的经典名方，各医家普遍认为其以和解少阳为治法，主治邪在半表半里的少阳病。但诸多证据表明小柴胡汤在临床治疗上并不囿于少阳，在血水不利诸病中亦能见效。文章意欲以小柴胡汤的组方思想、作用部位为纲目，揭示其治法之本质在于运转人体枢机，以“气血水”学说为线索并结合小柴胡汤临床应用，试论述小柴胡汤在水分病和血分病的治疗中具有广阔的运用前景，旨在拓展该方的临床应用范围。

Abstract:

Xiaochaihu decoction is a classic prescription from ZHANG Zhongjing's Treatise on Cold-Attack, which is generally regarded as a method of treating Shaoyang disease where the evil is in half exterior and half interior. However, there is a lot of evidence to show that Xiao chaihu decoction is not limited to Shaoyang in clinical treatment but can also be effective in diseases with unfavorable blood and fluid. The article intends to take the idea of Xiao chaihu decoction and its functioning parts as outlines to reveal that the essence of its treatment lies in the operation of the human body's qi movement. Besides, the article takes the theory of "qi-blood-fluid" as a clue and combines it with the clinical application to try to discuss that Xiaochaihu decoction has a broad prospect of use in the treatment of edema and blood diseases, which expands the clinical application scope of it.