酸枣仁汤通过调控昼夜节律治疗失眠的现代研究进展

Modern research evolvements of Suanzaoren Decoction in treating insomnia by regulating circadian rhythm

关键词:  酸枣仁汤  昼夜节律  失眠  综述

Key words:  Suanzaoren Decoction  circadian rhythm  insomnia  review

摘要:

失眠是一种常见的临床病症，其特征是难以开始或不能维持睡眠，并在清醒时伴有易怒或疲劳等症状。部分西药在一定程度上可以缓解失眠，但存在着较多不良反应，长期使用后甚至会形成对药物的耐受性和依赖性。酸枣仁汤作为治疗失眠的经方，以其显著的临床疗效且无不良反应被诸多医家推崇。昼夜节律与生命活动息息相关，昼夜节律的破坏会导致睡眠、情绪等发生变化。大量的实验研究表明，酸枣仁汤可通过调节哺乳动物的昼夜节律来发挥治疗失眠的作用。文章旨在梳理酸枣仁汤通过调控昼夜节律治疗失眠的相关基础实验文献，介绍酸枣仁汤通过调节相关基因、神经递质及其受体的表达，影响下丘脑视交叉上核的肽能神经元、星形胶质细胞和授时因子，进而调控昼夜节律，从而发挥治疗失眠的作用，以期为进一步探索酸枣仁汤治疗失眠的作用机制提供思路和方向。

Abstract:

Insomnia is a common clinical condition characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep and accompanied by symptoms such as irritability or fatigue when awake. Some Western medicine can relieve insomnia to a certain extent,but there are many adverse reactions,and even after long-term use,tolerance and dependence on the drugs may be formed. Suanzaoren Decoction,as a classic prescription for the treatment of insomnia,is highly praised by many physicians for its significant clinical efficacy and no side effects. The circadian rhythm is closely related to vital activities,and the destruction of the circadian rhythm will lead to changes in sleep,mood and so on.A large number of experimental studies indicate that Suanzaoren Decoction plays a role in the treatment of insomnia by regulating the circadian rhythm of mammals. This article aims to sort out the related fundamental experiment literatures of Suanzaoren Decoction in the treatment of insomnia by regulating the circadian rhythm and introduce that Suanzaoren Decoction regulates the expression of related genes, neurotransmitters and the irreceptors,adjusts the peptidergic neuronsin the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, a strocytes and zeitgebersto regulatehecircadian rhythmfurther and achieve the effect of treating in somniain the end. We hope to provide new ideas and directions for the advanced exploration of the mechanism that Suanzaoren Decoction treats insomnia.