糖尿病视网膜病变炎症相关生物标志物及中药治疗研究进展

Research progress on inflammation related biomarkers and traditional Chinese medicine treatment of diabetic retinopathy

关键词:  糖尿病视网膜病变  炎症  中药提取物  中药复方  生物标志物

Key words:  diabetic retinopathy  inflammation  Chinese herb extracts  traditional Chinese medicine  biomarker

摘要:

糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病患者最严重的微血管并发症之一，会导致患者视力损伤以及失明。研究表明持续性高血糖使线粒体中自由基过度产生、氧化应激增加、血流变异常和肾素-血管紧张素系统的激活，从而上调炎性细胞因子释放，引起视网膜血管通透性增加、中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞浸润，造成组织水肿，细胞功能障碍及凋亡，降低血管壁完整性，增加管腔闭塞和缺血程度，进而引起视网膜结构和功能障碍。目前DR炎症发病机制和抗炎治疗得到越来越多的关注与认同，了解相关炎症标志物在DR中的作用，对预后及预防方法开发，甚至找到更有效的治疗方法具有启示。中药防治慢性病历史悠久，优势明显，在抗炎、缓解氧化应激等方面有重要作用，并积极参与DR治疗。文章就有关于DR中炎症生物标志物的研究进展以及中药通过炎症标志物发挥抗炎治疗的应用进行综述。

Abstract:

Diabetic retinopathy（DR） is one of the most serious microvascular complications in patients with diabetes，which can lead to visual impairment and blindness. Studies have shown that persistent hyperglycemia can lead to overproduction of free radicals in mitochondria，heightened oxidative stress，abnormal Hemorheology and activation of the renin-angiotensin system，which can up-regulate the release of inflammatory cytokines. increase retinal vascular permeability，neutrophil and macrophage infiltration，cause tissue edema，cell dysfunction and apoptosis，reduce the integrity of vascular wall，increase the degree of lumen occlusion and ischemia，and then cause retinal structure and dysfunction. Currently，the pathogenesis of inflammation and anti-inflammatory therapy is increasingly receiving attention and recognition. Understanding the role of inflammatory biomarkers in DR is crucial for the development of prognosis and prevention methods，and even to find more effective ways to treat the condition. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of preventing chronic diseases with obvious advantages，and plays an important role in anti-inflammatory and relieving oxidative stress，and actively participates in DR treatment. This article reviews the research progress made on inflammatory biomarkers of DR and the application of traditional Chinese medicine in the anti-inflammatory therapy for DR through inflammatory biomarkers.