| 摘要: |
| 项枕部腧穴是古今用来治疗眼病的重要针刺部位，其中位于足少阳胆经的风池穴应用范围最广，临床使用频率也最高。结合经络理论及解剖结构对风池与眼病的穴刺效应进行分析。认为“目-项中”关联的经脉循行是风池穴治疗眼病的经络基础，其作为胆经离首入项的第一穴与交会穴属性则加强了这一经络作用。同时发现“枕叶-视神经”关联的视觉传导通路、“颈内动脉-眼动脉”关联的血管属支以及“枕下肌群-眼肌”肌群的对应相关性是风池穴治疗眼病的重要解剖基础。针刺风池穴治疗眼病是基于其“目-项中”关联的经络与解剖特点，通过局部刺激，以调节与改善“目-项中”关联的神经、血管、肌肉，促进神经反馈感传及血液循环供应。 |
| 关键词: 目-项中 交会穴 枕叶皮质 视觉传导通路 颈内动脉 眼动脉 眼肌 枕下肌群 |
| DOI：10.11656/j.issn.1672-1519.2025.03.08 |
| 分类号:R77 |
| 基金项目:李岩天津市名中医传承工作室；天津中医药大学教育教学改革研究课题项目（2023YJY009）；天津中医药大学第二附属医院“薪火相传计划”后备人才项目；天津市教委科研计划项目（2022KJ181）。 |
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| Analysis of the mechanism of neck and occipital acupoints in the treatment of eye diseases：Fengchi（GB20） as an example |
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ZHAO Zhiheng1,2, ZHAO Manlin3, LI Zhidao2,3
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1.Encephalopathy Acupuncture Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300250, China;2.Intangible Cultural Heritage Studio of LI's Flying Channel Acupuncture Therapy, Tianjin 301617, China;3.Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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| Abstract: |
| Nape-occipital acupoints are important acupuncture points used to treat eye diseases in ancient and modern times. Among them，Fengchi（GB20） which is located in the gallbladder meridian of foot Shaoyang has the widest application range and the highest frequency of clinical use. In this paper，the acupoint effect of Fengchi（GB20） and eye diseases was analyzed based on meridian theory and anatomical structure. It is believed that the meridian circulation associated with “eye-nape” is the meridian basis of Fengchi（GB20） in the treatment of eye diseases. As the first acupoint of the gallbladder meridian from the head into the nape and the intersection point，the meridian function is strengthened. At the same time，it was found that the visual conduction pathway associated with “occipital lobe-optic nerve”，the vascular branches associated with “internal carotid artery-ophthalmic artery” and the corresponding correlation between “suboccipital muscle group-ophthalmic muscle group” are the important anatomical basis for the treatment of eye diseases by Fengchi acupoint. The treatment of eye diseases by acupuncture at Fengchi（GB20） is based on the meridian and anatomical characteristics associated with its “eye-nape”. Through local stimulation，it can regulate and improve the nerves，blood vessels and muscles associated with “eye-nape”，and promote nerve feedback and blood circulation supply. |
| Key words: eye-nape intersection point occipital cortex visual conduction pathway internal carotid artery ophthalmic artery eye muscle suboccipital muscles |
