论《活幼心书》中有毒中药的应用

The application of toxic Chinese medicine in the Book of Huoyou Xinshu

关键词:  有毒中药  《活幼心书》  用毒  防毒

Key words:  toxic Chinese medicine  Huoyou Xinshu  using toxicity  preventing toxicity

摘要:

有毒中药功专效捷，然其毒副作用限制临床应用推广，小儿脏腑娇嫩、形气未充，更易受到有毒中药毒副作用损害。《活幼心书》集中体现儿科名医曾世荣的学术思想，书中有毒中药的应用具有较高学术价值。文章对《活幼心书》用毒防毒方法进行梳理，从辨明虚实，攻补得当、对证用药，药证相应、剂量精确，用药谨慎、中病即止，重视善后等方面阐释其用毒思想，又从合理炮制、多样剂型、辅剂送服、服得其时等方面阐释其防毒、减毒思想，以期为有毒中药在儿科临床安全有效应用提供借鉴。

Abstract:

Toxic Chinese medicines are highly specialized and effective in treating certain conditions. However，their toxic side effects often limit their widespread clinical application. Children，with their delicate internal organs that are not yet fully developed in form and qi，are particularly susceptible to the harmful effects of these toxic substances. The book Huoyou Xinshu focuses on the academic thoughts of ZENG Shirong，a renowned pediatrician，and its exploration of toxic Chinese medicines holds significant academic value. This article reviews the methods of using and preventing toxicity described in Huoyou Xinshu. It elucidates the principles of using toxic medicines by discussing the identification of deficiency and excess，appropriate attack and supplementation，precise symptom-based medication，accurate dosage adjustment，cautious administration，prompt cessation of treatment，and attention to post-treatment care. Additionally，it explains the strategies for preventing and reducing toxicity through rational formulations，diverse dosage forms，the use of auxiliary agents to facilitate drug delivery，and timely administration of medicine. This study aims to provide a reference for the safe and effective application of toxic traditional Chinese medicines in pediatric practice.