再探五运六气起始时间

Re-discussion on the beginning time of Wuyun liuqi

关键词:  五运六气  起始时间  立春  大寒  正月朔日

Key words:  Wuyun liuqi  beginning time  beginning of Spring  great gold  the first day of Chinese lunar new year

摘要:

五运六气的推演必须首先建立一个始点，始点的正确与否决定了推演的成败。目前学术界主要有3种观点：大寒说、立春说和正月朔日说。因此初运和初气起始时间如何界定，成为不可回避的关键问题，亟待解决。文章从文献沿革、原理评价、现代气象数据验证3个角度，讨论为何初运和初气起于立春。立春日与正月朔日是同一天的不同说法，下言立春说。从文献沿革上讲，内经原义主张立春说，大寒说多见于经注；从原理评价上讲，立春说比大寒说更加说理通畅，透彻圆融；从现代实际气象数据验证上讲，立春说证据较多且能符合中原地区气候变化。暂论证认为，初运和初气起始时间应为立春。

Abstract:

The deduction of the Wuyun liuqi must first establish a starting point. The correctness of the starting point determines the success or failure of the deduction. At present, there are three main viewpoints in the academic world:Great Cold Theory, beginning of Spring Theory and the First Day of Chinese Lunar New Year Theory. This article discussed why the Beginning time starts from beginning of Spring from the perspectives of literature evolution, principle evaluation, modern meteorological data verification. Finally, summed upthe beginning of Spring and the first day of Chinese lunar new year are different sayings of the same day. From the perspective of the literature, the original meaning of Neijing is to claim beginning of Spring Theory. Great Cold Theory is more common in the commentaries of Neijing; from the principle evaluation, beginning of Spring Theory is more fluent and more thorough than Great Cold Theory; from the actual actual meteorological data verification, beginning of Spring Theory is more evidence and can meet the climate change in the central plains. The tentative conclusion is that the starting time of Wuyun liuqi should be beginning of Spring Theory.