从“人与天地相参”论冬令咳嗽之因机证治

Exploring the causes，pathogenesis，syndromes and treatment of cough in winter based on “the close relationship between the human and the nature”

关键词:  人与天地相参  咳嗽  冬令  肺  因机证治

Key words:  the close relationship between the human and the nature  cough  winter  the lung  the cause, pathogenesis,syndrome and treatment

摘要:

“人与天地相参”是《黄帝内经》的重要思想，体现了人与自然界相统一的整体观念，是认识人体脏腑生理病理的理论基础。咳嗽是人体常见的呼吸系统疾病，与肺功能失调密切相关。寒为冬季主气，冬上承阳明燥金之秋、下接厥阴风木之春，若此时燥气至而不去，寒气至而太过，湿气或温热之气非时而至，致病邪气不尽相同，则可致干咳随起、或咳痰并见、或咳兼寒热等，可治以温润凉燥、顺气布津，驱风散寒、祛痰止咳，透湿解表、利气宣肺，清热除寒、宣肺止咳，温助阳气、养肺御寒等法。文章在“人与天地相参”思想指导下，结合肺的生理病理特性，探讨冬令咳嗽的病因、病机及辨治，以期为预防和治疗咳嗽提供一定的理论依据。

Abstract:

“The close relationship between the human and the nature” is an important idea in the Huangdi Neijing， reflecting the concept of holism of the human and the nature. It is an important theory for understanding physiology and pathology of viscera of human body. Cough is a common respiratory disease that is closely related to the Lung， and cold is the main climatic characteristic of winter. The winter comes after the autumn of yangming dryness gold and before the spring of jueyin wind wood. If the dryness arrives at this time but does not go away，or the cold arrives but is too much，or the dampness and the warm arrive out of time，different pathogenesis of cough are bound to arise， resulting in dry cough，or cough with sputum，or cough with cold or fever，etc. Therefore，the therapeutic methods of warming and moistening cool dryness，regulating the activity of qi and body fluid；dissipating wind and cold， relieving phlegm and cough；eliminating dampness to relieve superficies，dispersing qi of the lung；clearing heat and dispersing cold，relieving cough by dispersing the lung；warming yang qi，protecting the lung and resisting the cold can be used. Under the guidance of the theory of “the close relationship between the human and the nature”，the causes，pathogenesis，syndromes and treatment of cough in winter combining with the physiological and pathological characteristics of the lung are discussed in this article，with a view to providing the theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of cough.