血管周围脂肪在动脉粥样硬化中的双重角色

The dual role of perivascular fat in atherosclerosis

关键词:  血管周围脂肪组织  动脉粥样硬化  双向调节

Key words:  perivascular adipose tissue  atherosclerosis  bidirectional adjustment

摘要:

血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）是分布在血管周围的一种特殊类型的脂肪组织，能够通过分泌活性因子调节血管生理状态。动脉粥样硬化（AS）作为一种慢性炎症性疾病，其主要病变的特征是部分动脉中存在脂质的异常沉积，进而造成血管的内皮障碍与细胞损伤，最终导致AS斑块的形成。研究表明，PVAT在AS发生、发展中起重要作用，也是目前的研究热点。其主要特点在于对AS的具有双重调节作用，这种双重调节作用涉及炎症、氧化应激以及血管张力等方面。文章拟通过对PVAT在促进和抑制AS的这种双向作用机制的研究进展进行综述，为未来研究及AS的防治提供新的思路。

Abstract:

perivascular adipose tissue（PVAT） is a special type of adipose tissue distributed around blood vessels，which can regulate the physiological state of blood vessels by secreting active factors. Atherosclerosis（AS），as a chronic inflammatory disease，is characterize by abnormal lipid deposition in some arteries，which leads to vascular endothelial dysfunction and cell damage，and finally leads to the formation of AS plaque. Research shows that PVAT plays an important role in the occurrence and development of AS，and it is also the current research hot spot. Its main feature is that it has a dual regulatory effect on AS，which involves inflammation，oxidative stress and vascular tension. This paper reviews the research progress of PVAT in promoting and inhibiting the two-way mechanism of AS，and provides new ideas for future research and the prevention and treatment of AS.