苁蓉五子膏的制备及润肠通便活性研究

Preparation of Cistanche Five-Seeds Paste and study on its laxative activity

关键词:  便秘  首粒黑便  肉苁蓉  益生菌

Key words:  constipation  first black stool  Cistanche  probiotic

摘要:

[目的] 研究旨在制备一种用于润肠通便的苁蓉五子膏并评价其润肠通便效果。[方法] 苁蓉五子膏由肉苁蓉、莱菔子、火麻仁、决明子、紫苏子、黄芥子、乳糖、益生菌按照10∶0.5∶15∶1∶10∶0.3∶10∶1比例，将药材提取、浓缩，加入乳糖和益生菌制成稠膏。采用盐酸洛哌丁胺建立小鼠便秘模型，各组给予相应药物进行干预。观察小鼠给药后粪便数、首粒黑便时间、小肠推进率，采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）法测定血清P物质（SP）和血管活性肠肽（VIP）含量，通过苏木精-伊红（HE）染色分析小鼠空肠组织病理变化，评价苁蓉五子膏对便秘小鼠的润肠通便作用。[结果] 与对照组比较，模型组小鼠首次黑便时间延长（P<0.05），小肠推进率降低（P<0.05），小肠绒毛出现损伤和散布，血清SP、VIP含量降低（P<0.05）。与模型组比较，苁蓉五子膏各剂量组小鼠首粒黑便时间缩短（P<0.05），小肠绒毛损伤基本恢复，分布紧密。苁蓉五子膏高剂量组小鼠小肠推进率提升（P<0.05），且血清SP（P<0.01）、VIP（P<0.000 1）含量增加。[结论] 苁蓉五子膏能够促进小鼠排便，改善便秘症状。

Abstract:

[Objective] To prepare Cistanche Five-Seeds Paste for relieving constipation and evaluate its laxative effects. [Methods] Cistanche Five-Seeds Paste was prepared by extracting and concentrating a mixture of Cistanche，Raphanus semen，Cannabis Fructus，Cassiae semen，Perillae fructus，and Sinapis semen in a ratio of 10∶0.5∶15∶1∶10∶0.3，followed by the addition of lactose and probiotics to form a thick paste. A constipation model was established in mice using loperamide hydrochloride. The mice were then treated with corresponding medications. Fecal pellet count，time to the first black stool，and small intestinal propulsion rate were observed. Serum levels of substance P（SP） and vasoactive intestinal peptide（VIP） were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Pathological changes in the jejunum tissue were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining to evaluate the laxative effects of Cistanche Five-Seeds Paste on constipated mice. [Results] Compared with the control group，the model group showed a prolonged time to the first black stool（P<0.05），decreased small intestinal propulsion rate（P<0.05），damaged and scattered small intestinal villi，and reduced serum SP and VIP levels（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group，all dose groups of Cistanche Five-Seeds Paste exhibited a shortened time to the first black stool（P<0.05），with the small intestinal villi showing almost complete recovery and tightly arranged distribution. The high-dose group of Cistanche Five-Seeds Paste demonstrated an increased small intestinal propulsion rate（P<0.05），as well as elevated serum levels of SP（P<0.01） and VIP（P<0.000 1）. [Conclusion] Cistanche Five-Seeds Paste can promote defecation and alleviate constipation symptoms in mice.