中药抑制肺炎克雷伯菌定植机制及在防治疾病中的应用

Mechanism of inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae by traditional Chinese medicine and its application in the prevention and control of the disease

关键词:  中药  肺炎克雷伯菌  抑菌机制

Key words:  traditional Chinese medicine  Klebsiella pneumoniae  inhibitory mechanism

摘要:

肺炎克雷伯菌（Klebsiella pneumoniae，K.pneumoniae）是一种常见的革兰氏阴性杆菌，是重要的医源性感染细菌，不仅可以导致感染性肺炎，还可以在体内定植引发菌血症等疾病。近年来，肺炎克雷伯菌在肠道和粪便样本检出率日益上升，定植患者发生感染的风险显著增加。因此，抑制肺炎克雷伯菌定植，是防治其传播和感染的重要途径。中药由于其多成分多靶点的作用特征，在抑制肺部及肠道肺炎克雷伯菌生长和定植、减轻感染症状和改善患者预后方面发挥出潜在的治疗优势。该综述通过总结中药对肺炎克雷伯菌的抑制作用，以及在治疗疾病过程中对肺炎克雷伯菌的体内定植抑制效果和相关机制，为中药在抑制肺炎克雷伯菌的深入理解和临床应用提供理论支持，并基于抑制肺炎克雷伯菌定植探讨中医药防治疾病的干预措施，为临床治疗提供科学依据。

Abstract:

Klebsiella pneumoniae（K. pneumoniae）is a common Gram-negative bacillus and a significant bacterium for healthcare-associated infections，which can not only result in infectious pneumonia，but also colonize the body to cause diseases such as bacteremia. In recent years，the detection rate of K. pneumoniae has been increasing in intestinal and feces samples，and the risk of infection is significantly increased in patients with colonization. Therefore，inhibiting the colonization of K. pneumoniae is an important way to prevent its spread and infection. Due to its multi-component and multi-target characteristics，traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） exerts potential therapeutic advantages in inhibiting the growth and colonization of pulmonary and intestinal K. pneumoniae， alleviating the symptoms of infection，and improving the prognosis of patients. This review provides theoretical support for the in-depth understanding and clinical application of TCM in the inhibition of K. pneumoniae by summarizing the inhibitory effects of TCM on K. pneumoniae，as well as the in vivo colonization inhibitory effects on K. pneumoniae in the course of treating the disease and the related mechanisms，and explores the interventions of TCM in preventing and treating diseases based on the inhibition of K. pneumoniae，which will provide scientific basis for clinical treatment.